به انگلیسی

How habits and motivation work

Personal & Social Development · Self-Regulation & Resilience · ages 12-13

Name ______________________ Date ____________

Knowing that someone procrastinated tells you that poor time planning was the cause.
Circle one: True False
Which names match a habit's reminder, repeated action and satisfying result, in that order?
- Cue, routine, reward
- Routine, reward, cue
- Reward, cue, routine
Ren describes a habit: 1, seeing the dinner table cleared; 2, practising a drum rhythm; 3, feeling pleased about progress. Which numbered part is the routine?
Answer: ______________
Maria wants to read without repeatedly checking her phone. Which change adds friction to phone checking?
- Keep the phone beside her book
- Turn up alerts during reading time
- Leave the phone in another room
Diego says his only reason for training is to win a trophy. Which description fits his stated motivation?
- Intrinsic: enjoyment of training
- Extrinsic: wanting to win a trophy
- Both: enjoying training and wanting a trophy
A coach lets Sam choose which drill to practise first. Which need does this choice directly support?
- Autonomy
- Competence
- Relatedness
Elena brushes her teeth each evening but forgets to floss. Which change provides a clear reminder when she brushes?
- Keep the floss in a storage cupboard
- Pick a different time to floss each evening
- Place the floss beside the toothbrush she uses every evening
Ben has scheduled essay time but says, 'I avoid starting because I worry my ideas will be terrible.' Which next step addresses the difficulty he names?
- Find a planner with more alarms
- Write a rough list of ideas and ask for feedback
- Wait until he feels certain of success

Answer key

For grown-ups. Fold this page away before handing over the rest.

How habits and motivation work W1-mt_0ewYhTSHtP-s1

False · Planning difficulties can matter, but worry, boredom, unclear instructions and tiredness can also contribute. Delay alone does not identify the cause.
Cue, routine, reward · The cue is the reminder, the routine is the action, and the reward is a satisfying result that may encourage repetition.
2 · The routine is the action Ren repeats. Practising a drum rhythm is that action, numbered 2.
Leave the phone in another room · A phone in another room takes more effort to reach. That adds friction to checking it. Keeping it nearby or making alerts louder does not add that effort.
Extrinsic: wanting to win a trophy · Diego names the trophy as his only reason. A trophy is an outside reward, so this describes extrinsic motivation.
Autonomy · Choosing a drill gives Sam a real choice, which directly supports autonomy. The question does not establish mastery or a new friendship.
Place the floss beside the toothbrush she uses every evening · The prompt gives brushing as an existing activity. Floss beside the toothbrush can provide a visible cue at that time. It does not guarantee a habit will form.
Write a rough list of ideas and ask for feedback · Ben names worry about his ideas. A rough list gives him a small starting task, and feedback can help him develop it. More alarms address timing, while waiting for certainty delays the start.