What do TCP sequence numbers help a receiver do?

• Put received data into byte order
• Identify the complete route taken by each received packet
• Treat arrival order as the original order without checking

How can splitting a large transfer into packets help users share a link?

• It reserves the link for that transfer until every packet arrives
• It gives each packet a private physical cable for its whole journey
• Other users' packets can travel between its packets

Packets sometimes arrive out of order.

A TCP receiver has all bytes through 36 and none after 36. It next receives bytes 73-90. What can it conclude?

• Bytes 37-72 have not arrived yet
• Bytes 37-72 were definitely destroyed on the network
• Bytes 37-72 are unnecessary because later data arrived

TCP has unacknowledged data and its retransmission timer expires. What does it do?

• Treat the timeout as acknowledgement that the data arrived
• Retransmit the unacknowledged data
• Wait indefinitely because only the receiver can request a retry

What is a network protocol?

• The physical route followed by one particular packet
• Agreed rules for exchanging data
• Permission for every device to join any available network

An email transfer needs complete, ordered data. A game's frequent updates can skip old updates. Which transport choice fits those needs?

• UDP for email; TCP for the game's replaceable updates
• TCP for email; UDP for those game updates
• UDP for both because UDP automatically resends every missing update

Some data for a compressed video frame is missing. Why might a call continue but show unclear blocks?

• Every missing byte must arrive before any part of the call continues
• The unclear blocks prove every packet for the call has been lost
• Other data can arrive while part of the image lacks information