به انگلیسی

Inside heat: particles and kelvin

علوم · انرژی · سن ۱۶ تا ۱۷ سال

نام ______________________ تاریخ ____________

A block warms by 10 degrees Celsius. By how many kelvin did it warm?
پاسخ: ______________
Room temperature is 25 degrees Celsius. What is it in kelvin?
پاسخ: ______________
Which energy belongs to internal energy?
- Random motion and bonds of the particles
- Motion of the whole object
- Energy of the container walls
What is absolute zero?
- Where water freezes
- Where random kinetic energy is as low as it can go
- Where objects stop existing
Ice melts at 0 C with no temperature change. Which store of internal energy grows?
- Potential energy of the molecules
- Kinetic energy of the whole block
- Nuclear energy of the atoms
- Light energy escaping away
Ice melts at 0 degrees. What changes inside?
- Kinetic energy rises while potential drops
- Both stay exactly fixed
- Potential energy rises while kinetic stays flat
Room temperature is 25 degrees Celsius. Give it in kelvin.
پاسخ: ______________
A speeding cold football has huge kinetic energy, so its internal energy is huge too. True or false?
دور یکی دایره کشیدن: درست نادرست
Two cups warm by 5 C and 15 C. How do their kelvin rises compare?
- 5 K and 15 K
- Both 10 K
- 278 K and 288 K
A pupil says boiling water holds extra internal energy only because molecules move faster. What is missing?
- Temperature is unrelated to energy
- Faster molecules weigh more
- Potential energy of bonds also counts

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10 · A Celsius degree matches a kelvin in size, so a rise of 10 C is a rise of 10 K.
298 · Add 273: 25 + 273 = 298 K.
Random motion and bonds of the particles · Internal energy counts only the particles' own jiggling and bonds.
Where random kinetic energy is as low as it can go · It is the floor of random motion, where the kelvin scale starts.
Potential energy of the molecules · The temperature holds steady, so the input loosens bonds instead of speeding molecules.
Potential energy rises while kinetic stays flat · Heat breaks bonds at fixed temperature, raising the potential part.
298 · Add 273: 25 plus 273 is 298 K.
نادرست · Bulk motion belongs to the whole object, while internal energy counts only the particles' own jiggling and bonds.
5 K and 15 K · Rises match exactly across scales; only the zero points differ.
Potential energy of bonds also counts · Internal energy totals kinetic plus potential over the particles.