An adult uses a fixed torch, three cards with aligned openings and a screen. The middle card moves so its solid part blocks the beam. What happens to that beam's spot on the screen?

• It stays because the beam turns to find the shifted opening
• It disappears because the card interrupts the straight path
• It brightens because the opaque card makes additional light

In our classroom ray model, how do you draw light travelling through uniform air before it meets a surface?

• As wavy curves
• As straight lines
• As circles around objects

In a ray model, a small point source lights a flat opaque star card held parallel to a flat screen behind it. What outline does its shadow have?

• A circle chosen by the screen's flatness
• A star, projected from the card's outline
• A rectangle chosen by the screen's edges

In our classroom ray model, a direct view around an opaque wall is possible because rays curve around it.

Along a torch's light path, Aisha places the torch, then a screen, then an opaque card. Which change lets that card make a shadow on the screen?

• Move the screen beyond the card along the light path
• Move the screen nearer the torch without moving the card
• Leave the order fixed and reverse only the diagram arrows

A small source and flat screen stay fixed. An opaque rectangular card turns from face-on to nearly edge-on to the light. Ignoring its thickness, what happens to the projected width?

• It stays fixed because every shadow copies the full card
• It becomes wider because turning creates extra blocked rays
• It becomes narrower because the presented outline narrows

Which description fits a classroom ray-model shadow diagram?

• Rays leave the source; the object stops some, leaving a shadow beyond it
• Rays curve around the object; the same rays then light its entire shadow
• Rays leave the screen; they stop before the object and darken the source

For a small source, opaque card and screen, where do you mark the shadow in a ray diagram?

• Between the edge-ray boundaries on the screen
• Beside the source, before the rays reach the card
• Outside every boundary ray that passes the card

A small point source lights a fixed flat circular card. A large screen starts parallel to the card, then tilts slightly while receiving the whole shadow. Amir says the outline must stay circular because the card has not changed. What corrects him?

• Only turning the card can change the outline; the screen's angle has no effect
• The outline must stay circular because the unchanged card fixes every projection
• Changing only the screen's angle can stretch the projected circle into an oval

In a classroom ray model through uniform air, Zara curves rays around an opaque box. What correction is needed?

• Keep the curves because they show how all light passes a box
• Keep passing rays straight and stop rays that hit the box
• Draw the screen first so curved rays become valid model paths