Which comparison focuses on the stories' messages rather than on their physical editions?

• How each story presents trust between friends
• How each edition uses colours on its front cover
• How each edition uses lettering on its front cover

Ana lists how a knight in one book and a mouse in another are alike and different. What reading task is she doing?

• Recalling every sentence in each book from memory
• Predicting which edition will cost more at a shop
• Comparing characters across the two books

Book A shows a friend's helpful actions. Book B reveals a friend's caring thoughts. Both develop the theme 'Friends support each other.' What differs?

• The techniques used to develop the shared message
• The number of chapters used to tell each whole story
• The names of the places where each friendship begins

Two mysteries can use old-house settings differently: one house can block a detective's escape, while another can give a detective a safe place to work.

Two mysteries use old houses. A's locked rooms delay the detective. B's open rooms let the detective quickly gather clues. Which comparison explains the settings' effects?

• Both houses make the detectives move at exactly the same speed
• A's house helps the detective move faster than B's open house
• A's house slows the search, while B's house helps it move faster

In A, rough seas stop a boat journey. In B, crowded streets slow a city journey. Which comparison explains the settings' shared function?

• Both settings let the travellers finish without facing any delay
• Both settings create obstacles that make the travellers move faster
• Both settings create obstacles that delay the travellers

You can compare two books' messages even when one has human characters and the other has animal characters.

A frightened knight faces a dragon to protect a village. A frightened pupil speaks up to protect a classmate. Which theme fits both actions?

• Protecting others means avoiding every frightening situation
• Protecting others means having no fear of any danger
• Protecting others can require action despite feeling afraid

In A, word jokes make readers laugh. In B, accidents do. Sam writes, 'Both are funny, so they are identical.' Which revision uses this evidence?

• Both are funny, but A uses word jokes while B uses comic accidents
• Both are funny, so every character and event must match in both books
• Both are funny, so no other feature needs checking in either book

Ben says, 'Different authors wrote these books, so they cannot share a theme.' What would best test his claim?

• Compare messages supported by the characters' actions and endings
• Compare the authors' names and the lengths of their surnames
• Compare the publishers' addresses and the books' printing dates