En anglais

The person you become, habit by habit

Personal & Social Development · Ethics & Philosophy · ages 16-18

Name ______________________ Date ____________

In Aristotle's account of courage, which pair names its two failings?
- Avoiding needed action and taking needless risks
- Feeling some fear and thinking about what might happen
- Asking for help and leaving danger when staying serves no purpose
What is a virtue?
- A command that settles every difficult moral choice
- A lucky result that brings success on one occasion
- A stable disposition to feel, choose and act well
Building virtue involves practice and learning to judge what is appropriate.
Circle one: True False
Nia leaves a dangerous area after checking that nobody needs her help and staying would achieve nothing useful. In Aristotle's account, must leaving show a lack of courage?
- Yes. Courage requires staying wherever any kind of danger is present.
- Yes. Courage requires accepting exactly half of every possible risk.
- No. Leaving can be a fitting response to these circumstances.
Which statement accurately compares the three ethical approaches?
- Only virtue ethics can judge daily habits and their effects.
- Virtue ethics gives character a central role in judgment.
- Duty-based and outcome-based views cannot assess everyday habits.
Jun follows through on small commitments and acknowledges a deadline he missed. Which traits are these choices helping him practise?
- Reliability and honesty through his handling of commitments
- Generosity and courage through sharing money and facing physical danger
- Patience and fairness through waiting his turn and dividing tasks equally
Leo points to one significant truth he told last year as proof of a settled habit of honesty. What is the limit of this evidence?
- A single major act proves a settled virtue of honesty without any evidence from other occasions.
- An honest act contributes nothing to character unless other people observe it.
- His act can help him practise honesty, but alone it does not show a settled habit.
Mara wants to practise generosity. Which habit plan best fits the lesson?
- After lunch, give away supplies she still needs so each gift can be as large as possible.
- After lunch, offer spare art supplies when useful, for the recipient's sake.
- After lunch, give supplies only to receive praise and stop whenever no one notices her.

Answer key

For grown-ups. Fold this page away before handing over the rest.

The person you become, habit by habit W1-mt_7GCNpcZGku-s1

Avoiding needed action and taking needless risks · Courage avoids letting fear prevent needed action and taking needless risks. Feeling fear, seeking help or leaving danger is not by itself a failing.
A stable disposition to feel, choose and act well · A virtue is a stable quality of character. A command tells someone what to do, while a lucky result describes what happened.
True · Practice can develop a stable disposition. Judgment helps you choose appropriate actions for good reasons rather than repeat an action without thought.
No. Leaving can be a fitting response to these circumstances. · Courage calls for a fitting response to the circumstances. It does not require taking a risk that serves no purpose or accepting exactly half of a possible risk.
Virtue ethics gives character a central role in judgment. · Virtue ethics makes character central. Duty-based and outcome-based approaches can also assess habits, using duties or consequences as their starting points.
Reliability and honesty through his handling of commitments · Following through practises reliability. Acknowledging a missed deadline practises honesty. These actions can support the traits without proving that they are settled.
His act can help him practise honesty, but alone it does not show a settled habit. · One honest act can contribute to practice. A settled disposition concerns how someone tends to choose and act, so one example alone does not prove it.
After lunch, offer spare art supplies when useful, for the recipient's sake. · The fitting plan connects a cue with appropriate sharing for the recipient's sake. Mara can be generous without neglecting her own needs. Being seen does not cancel generosity, but praise alone is a different motive.