The Laplace Transform · seed 1 · A4, ink-friendly. The answer key prints on its own page for grown-ups.

Turning calculus into algebra

Mathematics · Differential Equations · ages 20-21
Name ______________________   Date ____________
  1. The Laplace transform turns a function of time t into a function of a new variable s.

    Circle one:   True   False

  2. True or false: because L{f'(t)} = s*F(s) - f(0), taking a derivative in the t-world becomes just multiplying by s in the s-world.

    Circle one:   True   False

  3. True or false: the Laplace transform turns a function of time t into a function of a new variable s.

    Circle one:   True   False

  4. Using the defining integral, what is the transform of the constant function f(t) equal to 1, for s above zero?

    • 1 over s
    • s
    • 1
  5. Why does the rule L{f'(t)} = s*F(s) - f(0) make the Laplace transform useful for solving differential equations?

    • It turns a derivative in the t-world into ordinary multiplication by s in the s-world, so the whole differential equation becomes an algebra equation
    • It turns the function into a trigonometric identity
    • It removes the need to know any initial conditions
    • It converts s back into t automatically
  6. The derivative rule says L{f'(t)} = s*F(s) - f(0), where F(s) = L{f(t)}. If f(0) = 5 and F(s) = 1/s, what is L{f'(t)}?

    Answer: ______________

  7. Using the defining integral, the Laplace transform of f(t) = e^(-4t) works out to 1/(s + a). What is the value of a?

    Answer: ______________

  8. The rule says L of f prime equals s times F(s) minus f(0). If f(0) equals 1 and F(s) equals 1 over s, what is L of f prime?

    Answer: ______________

  9. F(s) equals 1 over ((s minus 1)(s plus 2)), which splits into one third over (s minus 1) minus one third over (s plus 2). Reading the table backward, what is f(t)?

    • One third e to the t minus one third e to the minus 2t
    • One third e to the minus t plus one third e to the 2t
    • 3 e to the t minus 3 e to the minus 2t
  10. F(s) = 1/((s-1)(s+2)) splits by partial fractions into A/(s-1) + B/(s+2), with A = 1/3 and B = -1/3. Reading the table backward, what is f(t)?

    • (1/3)e^t - (1/3)e^(-2t)
    • (1/3)e^(-t) + (1/3)e^(2t)
    • 3e^t - 3e^(-2t)
    • (1/3)t e^t
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Answer key

For grown-ups. Fold this page away before handing over the rest.

Turning calculus into algebra W1-mt_8j8GXzITN0-s1

  1. True · The integral eats f(t), and after integrating over t only s remains.
  2. True · That multiplication-by-s trick is exactly why the transform turns calculus into algebra.
  3. True · That's exactly what the defining integral does: it eats f(t) and outputs F(s).
  4. 1 over s · Putting f(t) equal to 1 in the integral and working it out gives 1 over s.
  5. It turns a derivative in the t-world into ordinary multiplication by s in the s-world, so the whole differential equation becomes an algebra equation · Since taking a derivative just means multiplying by s (and adjusting for f(0)), a differential equation in t becomes a plain algebra equation in s.
  6. -4 · Multiplying F(s) by s and subtracting f(0) gives the answer without ever taking another integral.
  7. 4 · Combining exponents in the integral gives e^(-(s+4)t), which integrates to 1/(s+4).
  8. 0 · Multiplying F(s) by s and subtracting f(0): s times 1 over s is 1, minus 1 is 0.
  9. One third e to the t minus one third e to the minus 2t · Each piece matches an exponential entry, keeping the one third weights.
  10. (1/3)e^t - (1/3)e^(-2t) · Each simple fraction 1/(s-a) matches the table entry e^(at), so you rebuild f(t) piece by piece.
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