Multiply and add: breaking numbers apart

Mathematics · Multiplication & Division · ages 8-9

Name ______________________ Date ____________

A tower is 3 times as tall as a 15 m building. How tall is the tower?
- 45 m
- 18 m
- 35 m
- 30 m
Which split helps with 14 x 6?
- 14 + 6
- 10 + 6 + 4
- 14 x 10
- 10 x 6 + 4 x 6
Which way of breaking apart 14 × 6 is correct?
- 10 × 6 + 4 × 6
- 10 × 6 + 4
- 10 + 6 × 4
There are 2 shirt colors and 3 pant colors. That makes 6 possible outfits.
Circle one: True False
Dan says 14 x 6 = 10 x 6 + 4 x 6 because 14 is 10 + 4. Is Dan right?
Circle one: True False
A shop has 3 kinds of bread and 4 kinds of filling, shown in the grid. How many different sandwiches can you make?
- 7
- 12
- 16
What is 13 x 5 using 10 x 5 + 3 x 5?
- 55
- 65
- 50
- 60
Work out 17 x 4 by splitting 17 into 10 + 7.
Answer: ______________
Priya solved 16 × 7 by splitting it into 10 × 7 + 6 and got 76. What did she do wrong?
- She added instead of multiplying
- She split 16 into the wrong parts
- She forgot to multiply the 6 by 7
Kim says scaling by 3 means adding 3, so 3 times 15 m is 18 m. Is Kim right?
Circle one: True False

Answer key

For grown-ups. Fold this page away before handing over the rest.

45 m · 45 m is right because 3 x 15 = 45.
10 x 6 + 4 x 6 · 10 x 6 + 4 x 6 is right because 14 is 10 + 4, giving 60 + 24 = 84.
10 × 6 + 4 × 6 · Split the 14 into 10 and 4, then multiply each part by 6 before adding.
True · Each shirt can pair with each pant, so 2 × 3 = 6 outfits.
True · Dan is right: splitting 14 into 10 + 4 is the distributive law, and 60 + 24 = 84.
12 · Each bread pairs with each filling, so 3 × 4 = 12 sandwiches.
65 · 65 is right because 50 + 15 = 65.
68 · 10 x 4 + 7 x 4 = 40 + 28 = 68.
She forgot to multiply the 6 by 7 · Both parts need multiplying: 10 × 7 + 6 × 7 = 70 + 42 = 112.
False · Kim is wrong: 3 times 15 m is 3 x 15 = 45 m, not 15 + 3.