Who gained from globalisation

History · World History · ages 16-18

Name ______________________ Date ____________

Which pair contains a transport change and a policy change that made international exchange easier?
- Larger ships unloading each package by hand and stricter investment controls.
- Standard cargo containers and fewer restrictions on foreign investment.
- Cheaper port equipment and a ban on firms receiving investment from abroad.
What does globalisation mean in this lesson?
- Growing cross-border connections through exchanges of goods, investment and information.
- Growing wage equality as countries adopt the same economic policies.
- Growing national self-sufficiency as firms replace imports with goods produced entirely at home.
A falling poverty rate is enough to establish that income gaps narrowed.
Circle one: True False
A speaker says, 'Imports lowered clothing prices' and 'Lower prices matter more than protecting local jobs.' Which reading separates a factual claim from a value judgment?
- The price claim can be tested; the priority given to prices is a value judgment.
- Both claims can be tested using price records, since each concerns economic outcomes.
- Both claims express priorities, since views on trade depend on people's experiences.
In a report, a country of 30 million gets three times the weight of a country of 10 million. It compares their price-adjusted average incomes but gives no household data. Which description fits?
- An equally weighted comparison of countries, leaving internal income gaps unmeasured.
- A population-weighted comparison of households, showing income gaps within each of the two countries.
- A population-weighted comparison of country averages, leaving internal income gaps unmeasured.
A jacket is designed in country A and assembled in country B. Its assembly location does not tell you where every production stage happened.
Circle one: True False
A student values secure jobs. Which argument gives a case for and against a trade agreement and names reliable evidence that could weaken support?
- Export jobs may grow but other jobs may go; better job security would weaken support.
- Export jobs may grow but other jobs may go; growing job security in exporting industries would weaken support.
- Export jobs may grow but other jobs may go; lasting insecurity among displaced workers would weaken support.
Poverty fell while exports grew. Which investigation best tests whether export growth caused the poverty decline?
- Compare export growth and poverty over time, without checking schooling or policy.
- Compare trade exposure and check earlier conditions, schooling, policy and household incomes.
- Compare poverty in exporting and non-exporting towns today, without checking their earlier conditions.

Answer key

For grown-ups. Fold this page away before handing over the rest.

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Standard cargo containers and fewer restrictions on foreign investment. · Standard containers reduced handling costs. Fewer restrictions on foreign investment reduced some policy barriers. Both changes could make international exchange easier.
Growing cross-border connections through exchanges of goods, investment and information. · Globalisation describes growing international connections. Equal wages are not part of its definition, and national self-sufficiency describes a different pattern.
False · A poverty rate measures the share below a threshold. That share can fall while income gaps grow, so it cannot establish that inequality fell.
The price claim can be tested; the priority given to prices is a value judgment. · Price evidence can test whether imports lowered clothing prices. Giving lower prices more weight than protecting jobs states a priority, not a measured outcome.
A population-weighted comparison of country averages, leaving internal income gaps unmeasured. · The country with three times the population receives three times the weight. This is a population-weighted comparison of country averages. Without household data, it does not measure income gaps within either country.
True · Assembly is one stage. The prompt places design in A and assembly in B, so the assembly location cannot identify the location of every stage.
Export jobs may grow but other jobs may go; lasting insecurity among displaced workers would weaken support. · Each argument names possible job gains and losses. For someone who values secure jobs, lasting insecurity among displaced workers gives a reason to reconsider support. Improved security would support that priority.
Compare trade exposure and check earlier conditions, schooling, policy and household incomes. · A causal investigation compares trade exposure while checking earlier conditions and other changes. Matching trends or a present-day difference may reflect other causes.