The many stores of memory

Science · The Human Body · ages 21-22

Name ______________________ Date ____________

Which example mainly tests procedural, non-declarative memory?
- Recalling where your piano lesson took place
- Recalling the name of a recently learned tune
- Playing a practiced tune with fluent finger movements
Which example mainly tests episodic declarative memory?
- Balancing on a bicycle
- Recalling where you met a friend
- Typing a familiar keyboard pattern
Systems consolidation means every detailed old episode can be recalled without the hippocampus.
Circle one: True False
Which change describes systems consolidation in the standard model?
- Receptor responses change within a single trained connection
- Retrieval shifts toward cortical support as networks reorganize
- The hippocampus becomes the permanent storage site for learned facts
In an illustrative case, a patient makes 15, 9 and 5 tracing errors over three days but cannot recall earlier sessions. What is supported?
- Skill performance improved despite impaired recall of practice
- Skill and episode recall both improved across practice
- Practice recall improved while tracing stayed stable
After training, memory scores rise and a measured synapse strengthens. No manipulation was made. What is supported?
- The two changes are associated with training
- The synaptic change caused the improved recall
- Improved recall caused the synaptic strengthening
After hippocampal injury, older facts are recalled better than recent facts. Which check most directly addresses stronger learning or easier testing as alternative explanations?
- Match the number of old and recent facts in the test
- Match learning strength and recall demands across memory ages
- Match the patient's testing time across repeated sessions
A patient makes many tracing errors after injury. Which follow-up best tests whether vision or movement demands explain the errors rather than impaired learning?
- Check recall of instructions after each tracing session
- Compare tracing gains after extra practice with the same hand
- Check vision and compare learning on a lower-movement task

Answer key

For grown-ups. Fold this page away before handing over the rest.

The many stores of memory W1-mt_oNFXpEHl8b-s1

Playing a practiced tune with fluent finger movements · Fluent finger movements express a practiced skill. Recalling dates, places or names tests declarative knowledge.
Recalling where you met a friend · Recalling a meeting in a particular place concerns a personal episode. The other examples mainly test practiced skills.
False · Some memories become less hippocampus-dependent, but detailed recall of remote personal episodes may still involve it.
Retrieval shifts toward cortical support as networks reorganize · Systems consolidation concerns changing interactions among brain regions, rather than only changes at one connection.
Skill performance improved despite impaired recall of practice · Fewer errors show better skill performance. The separate lack of practice recall shows that performance and episodic recall can differ.
The two changes are associated with training · Both changes were observed after training. Their co-occurrence does not establish either direction of causation.
Match learning strength and recall demands across memory ages · Comparable learning strength and recall demands address the named alternatives. Equal item counts or testing times do not establish that comparability.
Check vision and compare learning on a lower-movement task · Vision checks and a lower-movement comparison address the proposed task demands. Instruction recall and extra tracing practice leave those alternatives unresolved.