Long multiplication · seed 1 · A4, ink-friendly. The answer key prints on its own page for grown-ups.

Long multiplication

Mathematics · Multiplication & Division · ages 9-10
Name ______________________   Date ____________

  1. Calculate 34 x 27 using long multiplication.

    Answer: ______________

  2. Calculate 2,347 x 6 using a formal written layout.

    Answer: ______________

  3. When you multiply 2,347 x 6 using the column method, which digit do you multiply first?

    • 7 (the ones digit)
    • 2 (the thousands digit)
    • 6 (the multiplier)

  4. An area model splits a multiplication into a grid of rectangles based on place value.

    Circle one:   True   False

  5. An area model for 45 x 23 splits 45 into 40 and 5, and 23 into 20 and 3. Which pair would give one of the four rectangles?

    • 45 x 3
    • 40 x 23
    • 40 x 3

  6. An area model for 45 x 23 gives partial products 800, 120, 100 and 15. What is 45 x 23?

    Answer: ______________

  7. What is 2,347 x 6?

    • 13,082
    • 14,072
    • 14,082
    • 14,182

  8. Calculate 2,347 x 6 using the column method. What is the answer?

    Answer: ______________

  9. Mia calculated 34 x 27. She worked out 34 x 7 = 238, then 34 x 2 = 68, and added 238 + 68 to get 306. What did she forget?

    • To add a decimal point
    • To shift the second row one place left before adding (so it should be 680, not 68)
    • To multiply the ones digit first

  10. Ava says 45 x 23 = 45 x 20 + 45 x 3. Is Ava right?

    Circle one:   True   False

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Answer key

For grown-ups. Fold this page away before handing over the rest.

Long multiplication W1-mt_q9EaJc2FP8-s1

  1. 918 · 34 x 27 = 918, since 30 x 27 = 810 and 4 x 27 = 108.
  2. 14082 · 2,347 x 6 = 14,082.
  3. 7 (the ones digit) · You always start multiplying from the ones column, just like in shorter written multiplication.
  4. True · Each part of one number pairs with each part of the other number to make a rectangle.
  5. 40 x 3 · Each rectangle pairs one part of 45 (40 or 5) with one part of 23 (20 or 3), so 40 x 3 is one of the four.
  6. 1035 · 800 + 120 + 100 + 15 = 1,035.
  7. 14,082 · 2,347 x 6 = 14,082.
  8. 14082 · Multiplying and carrying column by column gives 14,082.
  9. To shift the second row one place left before adding (so it should be 680, not 68) · 34 x 2 really means 34 x 20, so the row needs an extra placeholder zero before adding.
  10. True · Ava is right: splitting 23 into 20 + 3 and multiplying each part by 45 gives 900 + 135 = 1,035.
Worksheet · LightMySky