Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells · seed 1 · A4, ink-friendly. The answer key prints on its own page for grown-ups.

Two kinds of cells

Science · Organisms & Life Processes · ages 14-15
Name ______________________   Date ____________

  1. Which set lists three features of a typical photosynthetic leaf cell that a typical animal cell lacks?

    • Cell wall, ribosomes, mitochondria
    • Chloroplasts, nucleus, cytoplasm
    • Cell wall, chloroplasts, large central vacuole

  2. Which feature defines the prokaryotic cell plan?

    • No membrane-bound nucleus
    • No protein-making ribosomes
    • No internal DNA

  3. Where is the main chromosome of a typical bacterial cell?

    • Inside the nucleus
    • In the nucleoid region
    • Within a plasmid molecule

  4. A bacterium is 2 micrometres long and an animal cell is 20 micrometres long. How many times as long is the animal cell?

    Answer: ______________

  5. Measured lengths are: bacterium 1 micrometre, animal cell 18 micrometres, plant cell 36 micrometres. What is their order from shortest to longest?

    • Bacterium, animal cell, plant cell
    • Animal cell, bacterium, plant cell
    • Plant cell, animal cell, bacterium

  6. A bacterium receives a plasmid carrying resistance genes. Its main chromosome stays unchanged. Why can its traits change?

    • Its main chromosome now contains the plasmid's genes
    • Genes on the separate plasmid can give the cell a new trait
    • The plasmid has become a membrane-bound organelle

  7. A mushroom cell, a human cheek cell and a gut bacterium are studied. Which two share a cell category?

    • The bacterium and the human cell
    • The human cell and the mushroom cell
    • The mushroom cell and the bacterium

  8. Lee says a cell with ribosomes must be eukaryotic. What is the problem with this claim?

    • Only eukaryotes use ribosomes to make proteins
    • Only prokaryotes use ribosomes to make proteins
    • Both cell plans use ribosomes to make proteins
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Answer key

For grown-ups. Fold this page away before handing over the rest.

Two kinds of cells W1-mt_vlL4GinuH6-s1

  1. Cell wall, chloroplasts, large central vacuole · The leaf cell has a wall, chloroplasts and a large central vacuole. Animal cells lack these features, although they may have small vacuoles.
  2. No membrane-bound nucleus · Prokaryotes lack a membrane-bound nucleus. They still contain DNA and use ribosomes to make proteins.
  3. In the nucleoid region · The main bacterial chromosome occupies the nucleoid region. It is not enclosed in a nucleus or contained within a plasmid.
  4. 10 · The length ratio is 20 divided by 2, which equals 10.
  5. Bacterium, animal cell, plant cell · The measured lengths satisfy 1 < 18 < 36. This bacterium is shortest and this plant cell is longest.
  6. Genes on the separate plasmid can give the cell a new trait · Genes carried on a separate plasmid can affect the recipient's traits without changing its main chromosome.
  7. The human cell and the mushroom cell · A mushroom is a fungus and a human is an animal. Fungi and animals are eukaryotes; bacteria are prokaryotes.
  8. Both cell plans use ribosomes to make proteins · Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells use ribosomes to make proteins. Ribosomes alone do not identify the cell category.
Worksheet · LightMySky