Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells · seed 1 · A4, ink-friendly. The answer key prints on its own page for grown-ups.

Two kinds of cells

Science · Organisms & Life Processes · ages 14-15
Name ______________________   Date ____________

  1. Which structures does a plant cell add to the animal set?

    • A nucleus and ribosomes
    • Flagella and a capsule
    • Wall plus chloroplasts plus big vacuole

  2. What defines a prokaryotic cell?

    • No nucleus, with a DNA loop plus plasmids
    • A true nucleus with rod chromosomes
    • Chloroplasts in every cell

  3. Where does a bacterial cell keep its main DNA?

    • In a membrane-bound nucleus
    • Free in a central nucleoid loop
    • Inside its chloroplasts

  4. A bacterium is 2 micrometres long and an animal cell is 20 micrometres. How many times longer is the animal cell?

    Answer: ______________

  5. You see a bacterium and an animal cell side by side. What size gap do you expect?

    • The bacterium is about ten times smaller
    • Both cells are about the same size
    • The bacterium is about ten times larger

  6. Why do plasmids matter even though they sit outside the main chromosome?

    • They build the cell wall
    • They swap between bacteria carrying resistance
    • They turn bacteria into plants

  7. A mushroom, a human cheek cell, and a gut bacterium are studied. Which two share a cell category?

    • The bacterium and the cheek cell
    • The mushroom and the cheek cell
    • The bacterium and the mushroom

  8. Lee labels an animal cell diagram with chloroplasts and a wall. What is wrong?

    • Nothing, animal cells hold both
    • The labels are spelled badly
    • Both structures are plant-only extras
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Answer key

For grown-ups. Fold this page away before handing over the rest.

Two kinds of cells W1-mt_vlL4GinuH6-s1

  1. Wall plus chloroplasts plus big vacuole · Animals have none of the three plant extras.
  2. No nucleus, with a DNA loop plus plasmids · Bacteria keep one free DNA loop and plasmids, with no nucleus.
  3. Free in a central nucleoid loop · The loop sits free in the nucleoid, with no membrane around it.
  4. 10 · Divide 20 by 2 to get 10 times longer.
  5. The bacterium is about ten times smaller · Bacteria are about ten times smaller than animal cells.
  6. They swap between bacteria carrying resistance · Swapped rings spread traits like antibiotic resistance fast.
  7. The mushroom and the cheek cell · Fungi and animals are both eukaryotes, while bacteria stand apart.
  8. Both structures are plant-only extras · Walls and chloroplasts never appear in animal cells.
Worksheet · LightMySky