Fraction notation
Read and write fraction notation. Name the numerator and denominator and explain equal parts. Use the names unit fraction, non-unit fraction, proper fraction, improper fraction, mixed number, equivalent fraction and simplest form.
What a learner can do afterwards
- Point to and name the numerator and denominator in any given fraction and explain what each tells you
- Correctly classify fractions as unit, proper, improper, or mixed number with an example of each
- Explain in own words why 2/4 and 1/2 are equivalent fractions; identify and write fractions in simplest form and name their numerators
1 · Read
A fraction counts equal parts of a whole. The bottom number is the denominator. It tells how many equal parts make one whole. The top number is the numerator. It counts the parts you have. You can also use a slash: in 3/5, the numerator comes before the slash and the denominator comes after it.
A unit fraction has 1 on top, like 1/4. A non-unit fraction has more than 1 on top, like 2/5. A proper fraction has a smaller top number than bottom number. It is less than one whole. A proper fraction can be a unit fraction or a non-unit fraction.
An improper fraction has a top number equal to or bigger than its bottom number. 3/3 is one whole. 5/3 is more than one whole. Each block here stands for one third. Three thirds make one whole, with two thirds left. That is 1 2/3, a mixed number: a whole number next to a proper fraction.
Equivalent fractions name the same amount of the same whole. To check two fractions, draw equal-size bars. Split and shade each bar as its fraction says. If the shaded lengths match, the fractions are equivalent.
A fraction is in simplest form when its top and bottom numbers cannot both be made smaller while keeping the same value. 3/6 can become 1/2. The fraction 1/2 is in simplest form.
The size of the whole matters. Half of a big cake is a bigger piece than half of a small cake. Both pieces are called one half, but they are different sizes. Compare shaded amounts using equal-size wholes.
To read a fraction aloud, say how many parts you have, then name the parts. The denominator names them: 2 means halves, 3 means thirds, 4 means quarters, 5 means fifths, 6 means sixths and 7 means sevenths.
The denominator counts the equal parts, the numerator counts how many you have, and fractions like 2/4 and 1/2 can look different but mean the same amount.
Questions and readings written for this learning dataset. Flashcards retained from imported fact records; their original publisher terms have not been verified.
2 · Watch
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Where it sits
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Where this leads
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