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What a 10-year-old learns

156 topics open up at age 10, across 7 subjects. They are listed in the order they build on each other, not by importance: each one needs the ones above it.

age 9age 11
What should a 10-year-old be learning?

At age 10, 156 topics open up across Mathematics, English, Science, History, Learning to Learn, Civics & Economics, Personal & Social Development. Each one has prerequisites that come first, so the order matters more than the list: 3-D shapes (age 10+) is a typical starting point.

How do I know what a 10-year-old already knows?

LightMySky starts by assuming everything below the learner’s level is already known, then checks the assumption as they practise. What holds up stays lit; what does not comes back for review.

Mathematics

  1. 3-D shapes (age 10+)Geometry
  2. Parts of a circleGeometry
  3. Measuring length (age 10+)Measurement
  4. Counting Unit CubesMeasurement
  5. 2-D shapes (age 10+)Geometry
  6. Classifying shapes by propertiesGeometry
  7. Angles in triangles (age 10+)Geometry
  8. Numbers on a number lineGeometry
  9. Plotting points in the first quadrantGeometry
  10. Understanding angles (age 10+)Geometry
  11. Simplifying FractionsFractions
  12. Adding Fractions (Unlike Denominators)Fractions
  13. Comparing fractions (age 10+)Fractions
  14. Fraction Word ProblemsFractions
  15. Multiplying fractions (age 10+)Fractions
  16. Perimeter (age 10+)Measurement
  17. Area with FractionsFractions
  18. Multiplication as scalingFractions
  19. Real-world fraction multiplicationFractions
  20. Long multiplication (age 10+)Multiplication & Division
  21. Estimating answers (age 10+)Measurement
  22. Brackets in ExpressionsMultiplication & Division
  23. Division with remainders (age 10+)Multiplication & Division
  24. Dividing by two-digit numbersMultiplication & Division
  25. Order of operationsMultiplication & Division
  26. Multi-step problems: choosing operationsMultiplication & Division
  27. Writing Number SentencesMultiplication & Division
  28. Fractions of a whole (age 10+)Fractions
  29. Decimals and fractions (age 10+)Fractions
  30. Dividing fractions (unit fractions)Fractions
  31. Dividing by FractionsFractions
  32. Dividing unit fractions and whole numbersFractions
  33. Ratio (age 10+)Multiplication & Division
  34. Measuring temperatureNumber Representation & Place Value
  35. Coordinates (age 10+)Geometry
  36. Translating and reflecting shapesGeometry
  37. Place Value × 10 and ÷ 10Number Representation & Place Value
  38. Patterns with Powers of TenNumber Representation & Place Value
  39. Reading and writing numbers (age 10+)Number Representation & Place Value
  40. Addition and subtraction strategies (age 10+)Addition & Subtraction
  41. Volume as additiveMeasurement
  42. Decimal place valueNumber Representation & Place Value
  43. Estimation to check answers to calculationsMultiplication & Division
  44. Reading and writing numbers to 10,000,000Number Representation & Place Value
  45. Adding and subtracting (age 10+)Addition & Subtraction
  46. Numbers to Ten MillionNumber Representation & Place Value
  47. Reading Decimal PlacesNumber Representation & Place Value
  48. Multiplying and dividing (age 10+)Multiplication & Division
  49. Decimal place valueMeasurement
  50. Measurement ConversionsMeasurement
  51. Decimal place valueMultiplication & Division
  52. Miles & KilometresMeasurement
  53. Division with DecimalsMultiplication & Division
  54. Rounding AnswersMultiplication & Division
  55. Linear number sequencesAlgebra
  56. Systematic ListingAlgebra
  57. Using Simple FormulaeAlgebra
  58. Area of Triangles & ParallelogramsMeasurement
  59. Writing Algebraic EquationsAlgebra
  60. Equations with Two UnknownsAlgebra
  61. Calculating PercentagesRatio & Proportion
  62. Ratio ProblemsRatio & Proportion
  63. Number Pattern RelationshipsAlgebra
  64. Scale and similar shapesRatio & Proportion
  65. Understanding fractionsRatio & Proportion
  66. The 0-to-1 Probability ScaleProbability
  67. Calculating Simple ProbabilityProbability
  68. Experimental vs TheoreticalProbability
  69. Probabilities Sum to OneProbability
  70. Calculating the MeanData & Statistics
  71. Line graphs (age 10+)Data & Statistics
  72. Understanding fractionsData & Statistics
  73. Advanced Maths VocabularyMathematical Thinking
  74. Advanced Multi-Step ProblemsMathematical Thinking
  75. Choosing Maths ToolsMathematical Thinking
  76. Constructing mathematical argumentsMathematical Thinking
  77. Generalising with repeated reasoningMathematical Thinking
  78. Order of operations (age 10+)Mathematical Thinking
  79. Real-World Mathematical ModellingMathematical Thinking
  80. Understanding fractions (age 10+)Mathematical Thinking

English

  1. Multimedia elements in textsReading Comprehension
  2. Multiple Accounts of EventsReading Comprehension
  3. Supporting ideas with evidenceReading Comprehension
  4. Colons and Semicolons in ListsGrammar & Punctuation
  5. Bullet Point PunctuationGrammar & Punctuation
  6. Fact vs opinionReading Comprehension
  7. How Authors Treat Similar ThemesReading Comprehension
  8. Commas After Introductory ElementsGrammar & Punctuation
  9. Conjunctions, Prepositions and InterjectionsGrammar & Punctuation
  10. Correlative ConjunctionsGrammar & Punctuation
  11. Punctuating ClausesGrammar & Punctuation
  12. The subjunctive moodGrammar & Punctuation
  13. Varying Sentence StructureGrammar & Punctuation
  14. Summarising Non-Fiction Main IdeasReading Comprehension
  15. Choosing Formal VocabularyVocabulary
  16. Dialects & RegistersVocabulary
  17. Adapting Speech to ContextSpeaking & Listening
  18. Building on Others in DiscussionsSpeaking & Listening
  19. Multimedia PresentationsSpeaking & Listening
  20. Summarising Spoken and Media PresentationsSpeaking & Listening
  21. Commas with yes, no, and namesGrammar & Punctuation
  22. Punctuating Titles of WorksGrammar & Punctuation
  23. Writing a PrécisWriting Composition
  24. How Parts Build a Whole TextReading Comprehension
  25. Quoting Accurately from TextsReading Comprehension
  26. How Language Choices Affect the ReaderReading Comprehension
  27. Using a Thesaurus to Choose WordsVocabulary
  28. Hyphens in Prefixed WordsGrammar & Punctuation
  29. Comparing Structure in Information TextsReading Comprehension
  30. Explaining Relationships in TextsReading Comprehension
  31. Synthesising across multiple textsReading Comprehension
  32. Research & Note-TakingWriting Composition
  33. Using Multiple SourcesReading Comprehension
  34. Drawing Conclusions from DiscussionSpeaking & Listening
  35. Evaluating a Speaker's ArgumentSpeaking & Listening
  36. Active and passive voiceGrammar & Punctuation
  37. Choosing Tenses for Precise MeaningGrammar & Punctuation
  38. Consistent verb tenseGrammar & Punctuation
  39. Grammar Terms: Voice and PunctuationGrammar & Punctuation
  40. Reflecting on Your Language UseEnglish Thinking
  41. Comparing BooksReading Comprehension
  42. Justifying Views About TextsReading Comprehension
  43. Comparing Characters, Settings and EventsReading Comprehension
  44. Different viewpoints in textsReading Comprehension
  45. Paragraph CohesionGrammar & Punctuation
  46. Layout and Formatting in Informational WritingWriting Composition
  47. Planning NarrativesWriting Composition

Science

  1. Reading Distance-Time GraphsForces & Motion
  2. Matter Is Made of ParticlesMatter & Materials
  3. Evolution vocabularyOrganisms & Life Processes
  4. Plants Grow from Air & WaterOrganisms & Life Processes
  5. Energy from Food & the SunOrganisms & Life Processes
  6. Rock layers and Earth's historyEarth's Systems
  7. Star Brightness & DistanceSpace Systems & Earth's History
  8. The Circulatory SystemOrganisms & Life Processes
  9. Nutrient Transport in AnimalsOrganisms & Life Processes
  10. Diet, Exercise & LifestyleOrganisms & Life Processes
  11. Light Travels in Straight LinesWaves, Light & Sound
  12. More batteries, brighter bulbEnergy
  13. Why circuit components behave differentlyEnergy
  14. Drawing circuits with proper symbolsEnergy
  15. ShadowsSpace Systems & Earth's History
  16. Conservation of MassMatter & Materials
  17. Salt Water vs Fresh WaterEarth's Systems
  18. Classifying OrganismsEcosystems & Habitats
  19. Communities Protecting ResourcesEcosystems & Habitats
  20. Evidence-Based ClassificationEcosystems & Habitats
  21. Life Changed Over TimeDinosaurs & Paleontology
  22. Matter Cycling in EcosystemsEcosystems & Habitats
  23. Earth's atmosphereEarth's Systems

History

  1. Evidence Versus InterpretationHistorical Thinking
  2. Modern Archaeology and Egyptian EthicsAncient Egypt

Learning to Learn

  1. Finding Knowledge GapsLearning to Learn
  2. Setting Learning GoalsLearning to Learn

Civics & Economics

  1. Externalities and SpilloversEconomics

Personal & Social Development

  1. Personal Growth Over TimeSelf-Awareness
What a 10-year-old learns · LightMySky